What defines "long ballots" in the context of Jacksonian democracy?

The correct definition of "long ballots" in the context of Jacksonian democracy refers to the idea that most offices are up for popular vote. During this era, there was a significant push for wider electoral participation and democracy, which led to a greater number of offices being filled through elections rather than appointments. This shift resulted in ballots that included a long list of candidates for various positions, reflecting the Jacksonian value of giving more power to the electorate. This shift was part of a broader movement toward increasing public involvement in government and ensuring that elected officials were accountable to the voters.

In contrast, the other options do not align with the principles of Jacksonian democracy: appointments to offices would limit popular participation, not create a long ballot; the absence of elections negates the concept of a ballot entirely; and fixed terms do not inherently imply a lengthy ballot, as they pertain more to the tenure of officeholders rather than the mechanism of selection itself.