In what year did Mexico gain independence from Spain?

Mexico gained independence from Spain in the year 1821. This date marks the culmination of a long struggle that began with a series of uprisings and conflicts against Spanish colonial rule, which were initially sparked by grievances over social, political, and economic inequality. The movement for independence officially began on September 16, 1810, with Miguel Hidalgo's famous cry for independence, but it took over a decade of conflict, negotiations, and shifting alliances before the final victory was achieved in 1821.

This victory was formalized with the signing of the Treaty of Córdoba, which recognized Mexico's sovereignty and established it as a separate nation from Spain. Understanding this timeline is crucial for comprehending the broader historical context of Mexico's political evolution and the impact of colonialism in Latin America. The other years mentioned in the options represent significant events in Mexican history but do not correspond to the official date of independence from Spain.